From the Identity Project
http://www.papersplease.org/sf_faq.html
Secure Flight: Frequently Asked Questions
What are the new requirements in the Secure Flight regulations?
(1) You have to give the airline or travel agency your name, data of birth, and gender, all exactly matching your ID, before you can make a reservation for any flight.
(2) The airline has to send that information, and various other data from your reservation and personal profile, to the TSA, 72 hours before each flight (or as soon as you make a reservation, whichever comes first).